
Liquor License Transfer Rules by State: Can a Bar or Restaurant License Be Sold? (2026)
- Primary data
- SMBB registry of state liquor license transfer rules (51 jurisdictions) joined to Census County Business Patterns 2023
- Data period
- Law as read 2026-10-28; restaurant counts 2023
- Latest release used
- 2026-10-28
- Next release
- Registry recheck January 2027; CBP 2024 not yet posted on www2.census.gov as of 2026-10-28
- Geography
- 50 states and the District of Columbia
- Sources
- 75 (71 Tier 1)
A liquor license transfer to the buyer is allowed in 27 of 51 jurisdictions we coded from state law, always with agency approval. In 19 the buyer must apply for a new license. Eighteen states cap licenses by population, and those quota states hold 44.0% of US full-service restaurants. Published review times run from 30 days to 26 weeks.
Where a liquor license transfer to the buyer is allowed, and where it is not
The states split almost evenly. In 27 jurisdictions the license itself can move to the buyer after the agency approves the buyer; in 19 the license is a personal privilege and the buyer applies from scratch.
We coded the license a bar or full-service restaurant would hold to sell spirits by the drink. Where a state issues a separate restaurant license outside its quota, as Arizona and Florida do, we coded the bar or quota license and noted the restaurant option in the registry.
2 = yes, with agency approval; 1 = depends on locality; 0 = buyer needs a new license; blank = not found
Source: SMBB coding of state statutes, rules and agency pages, checked 2026-10-28.
'Yes' never means automatic. Florida transfers a license to the purchaser only after the division approves the buyer under the same procedure as a new license (Fla. Stat. 561.32). Arizona deems any change of controlling ownership a transfer and gives the director 105 days to decide (A.R.S. 4-203). Michigan treats a sale of more than 10% of a licensed corporation's stock in a year as a transfer that needs prior approval (MCL 436.1529).
'No' states say so in plain words. Iowa calls a retail license 'not property' and not 'alienable nor assignable' (Iowa Code 123.38). Georgia's rule reads: 'No state license may be transferred from one Person to another' (Rule 560-2-2-.10). Virginia, Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas and West Virginia use similar language.
Show all 51 rows
| State | Transferable to buyer | Population quota | State transfer fee ($) | Interim operation | Confidence | Citation | Full-service restaurants (CBP 2023) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | yes | none found | 50 | yes | clear text | Ala. Admin. Code r. 20-X-5-.10 | 2771 |
| Alaska | yes | state | not found | clear text | AS 04.11.360; AS 04.11.400 | 533 | |
| Arizona | yes | state | 300 | yes | clear text | A.R.S. 4-203(C); 4-206.01; 4-209(F); 4-203.01 | 4464 |
| Arkansas | not found | not found | not found | not found | 2015 | ||
| California | yes | state | 1565 | yes | clear text | Bus. & Prof. Code 23816, 23817.5, 24070 to 24082 (as described by ABC and Senate committee); ABC fee schedule | 31333 |
| Colorado | yes | none found | yes | clear text | C.R.S. 44-3-303 | 5074 | |
| Connecticut | no, new application needed | none found | yes | clear text | Conn. Gen. Stat. 30-14(a); 30-35b | 3484 | |
| Delaware | yes | none found | not found | interpretation needed | 4 Del. C. 571 | 899 | |
| District of Columbia | yes | local | not found | clear text | D.C. Code 25-405 | 974 | |
| Florida | yes | state | 5000 | yes | clear text | Fla. Stat. 561.20; 561.32(1)(a); 561.331 | 18200 |
| Georgia | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 560-2-2-.10(7) | 7925 | |
| Hawaii | yes | none found | not found | interpretation needed | HRS 281-41 | 1238 | |
| Idaho | yes | state | not found | clear text | Idaho Code 23-903; 23-908 | 1296 | |
| Illinois | no, new application needed | local | not found | clear text | 235 ILCS 5/6-1; 5/4-1 | 9928 | |
| Indiana | yes | state | not found | clear text | IC 7.1-3-22 (quota, as described by ATC); ATC permit guidance | 4796 | |
| Iowa | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | Iowa Code 123.38(1) | 2459 | |
| Kansas | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | K.S.A. 41-2629(c) | 2197 | |
| Kentucky | yes | none found | not found | clear text | KRS 243.630; 804 KAR 4:400 s.3; KRS 243.084 (2025 Ky. Acts ch. 130) | 2808 | |
| Louisiana | no, new application needed | none found | yes | clear text | La. R.S. 26:76(A)(2) | 3085 | |
| Maine | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | 28-A M.R.S. 605 | 1446 | |
| Maryland | depends on locality | not found | not found | interpretation needed | Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis Art., county titles (e.g. 13-1604, 26-901, 26-1702 as cited in 2026 bills) | 3803 | |
| Massachusetts | yes | state | 200 | not found | clear text | M.G.L. c.138 s.17; s.23 | 6558 |
| Michigan | yes | state | not found | clear text | MCL 436.1529; 436.1531(1) | 7198 | |
| Minnesota | yes | state | not found | clear text | Minn. Stat. 340A.412 subd. 9; 340A.413 | 3879 | |
| Mississippi | yes | none found | yes | clear text | DOR Application for Transfer in Ownership; ABC Guidebook for Owners (2021) | 1752 | |
| Missouri | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | RSMo 311.250 | 4522 | |
| Montana | yes | state | yes | clear text | MCA 16-4-201; 16-4-204; DOR all-beverages license page | 1060 | |
| Nebraska | no, new application needed | none found | yes | clear text | Neb. Rev. Stat. 53-149 | 1438 | |
| Nevada | depends on locality | not found | not found | interpretation needed | NRS 244.350 | 2368 | |
| New Hampshire | yes | none found | not found | clear text | RSA 178:29, VIII(a); 178:3, IX | 1371 | |
| New Jersey | yes | state | 200 | not found | clear text | N.J.S.A. 33:1-12.14 (as stated in ABC AN 2024-06); ABC retail license application | 8060 |
| New Mexico | yes | state | not found | interpretation needed | NMSA 60-6B-12 and 60-6A-18 (text reproduced in 2025 HB 478); 15.11.23 NMAC | 1329 | |
| New York | no, new application needed | none found | yes | interpretation needed | N.Y. ABC Law 111; 97-a | 19661 | |
| North Carolina | no, new application needed | none found | yes | clear text | G.S. 18B-903(c)(2), (e) | 8543 | |
| North Dakota | depends on locality | local | not found | interpretation needed | N.D.C.C. 5-02-09; Fargo transfer application | 582 | |
| Ohio | yes | state | not found | clear text | R.C. 4303.29; 4303.292 | 7698 | |
| Oklahoma | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | 37A O.S. 2-153 | 2992 | |
| Oregon | no, new application needed | none found | yes | clear text | ORS 471.292(1); 471.297 | 4240 | |
| Pennsylvania | yes | state | not found | clear text | 47 P.S. 4-461, 4-468, 4-469, 4-470.3 | 9433 | |
| Rhode Island | yes | local | not found | clear text | R.I. Gen. Laws 3-5-19; 3-5-16 | 1153 | |
| South Carolina | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | S.C. Code 61-2-140(B) | 4583 | |
| South Dakota | yes | state | not found | clear text | SDCL 35-2-7; 35-4-11.1 | 675 | |
| Tennessee | not found | none found | not found | not found | Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0100-01 (covers location transfers only) | 4962 | |
| Texas | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | Tex. Alco. Bev. Code 11.03 | 20819 | |
| Utah | yes | state | yes | clear text | Utah Code 32B-8a (Change of Alcohol License Act), 32B-18-201; DABS attestation form | 1799 | |
| Vermont | no, new application needed | none found | not found | interpretation needed | 7 V.S.A. ch. 9 (207 location only; 209 transfer on death only); DLC application page | 595 | |
| Virginia | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | Va. Code 4.1-203(B) | 7154 | |
| Washington | yes | none found | yes | interpretation needed | RCW 66.24.010(10), (11); WAC 314-07 | 6724 | |
| West Virginia | no, new application needed | none found | not found | clear text | W. Va. Code 60-7-5(e) | 1234 | |
| Wisconsin | no, new application needed | state | not found | clear text | Wis. Stat. 125.04(12)(b); 125.51(4) | 4988 | |
| Wyoming | yes | state | 100 | not found | clear text | W.S. 12-4-201; 12-4-601(b) | 528 |
Coded 2026-10-28 from the statute, rule or agency page listed for each state in the registry. 'Not found' means the source opened did not settle the question. Restaurant counts: Census CBP 2023, NAICS 722511.
Source: [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][52] Alabama ABC Board; Alcoholic Beverage Control Board (AMCO); Department of Liquor Licenses and Control; Alcoholic Beverage Control Division; Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control; Liquor Enforcement Division and local licensing authority; Department of Consumer Protection, Liquor Control; Office of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Commissioner; Alcoholic Beverage and Cannabis Administration; DBPR Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco; U.S. Census Bureau
Three jurisdictions are coded 'depends on locality': Maryland, where county boards set transfer rules; Nevada, where county liquor boards license retailers (NRS 244.350); and North Dakota, where cities run transfers and may set the number of licenses (N.D.C.C. 5-02-09). For buyers this is where a broker's local knowledge matters most; see questions to ask a broker.
For owners weighing a sale, the license question sits alongside price and timing; our broker matching service explains how brokers handle each stage.
Eighteen states ration licenses by population, and the formulas differ widely
A quota caps how many licenses an area may hold. Where the cap is binding, new licenses are rare and existing ones trade between businesses.
Quota license: A license whose number is capped by a population formula, such as one license per 3,000 residents of a county or city. The cap applies to new issuance; existing licenses usually keep renewing.
Stated ratio for the main on-premises license; higher means scarcer licenses
Source: state statutes; Utah figure from the Utah Office of Legislative Research memo of June 14, 2023.
The ratios are not like for like. Pennsylvania and California count county residents; New Jersey, Ohio and Michigan count residents of each municipality or local unit; Utah counts the whole state. Minnesota caps bar licenses in cities but exempts restaurants, clubs and hotels (Minn. Stat. 340A.413).
| State | Residents per license (stated ratio) | Scope in state law |
|---|---|---|
| Utah | 10200 | Bar licenses, statewide population (2023 legislative memo) |
| Florida | 7500 | Quota licenses per county residents |
| Alaska | 3000 | Each license type other than restaurant or eating place (1,500) |
| New Jersey | 3000 | Plenary retail consumption, per municipality |
| Pennsylvania | 3000 | Restaurant and eating place licenses, per county |
| California | 2000 | On-sale general, per county |
| Ohio | 2000 | D-3, D-4, D-5 permits, per municipality or township |
| Idaho | 1500 | Liquor-by-the-drink, per city |
| Michigan | 1500 | On-premises licenses, per local unit |
| Minnesota | 1500 | First-class cities, up to 200; restaurants excluded |
| Massachusetts | 1000 | Section 12 licenses per city or town (minimum 14) |
| Arizona | One new bar license per 10,000 county population growth since July 1, 2010 | |
| Indiana | Population quota under IC 7.1-3-22 (ratio not opened); filled in 99% of areas inside city limits | |
| Montana | Five licenses for the first 3,000 city residents, then one per 1,500 | |
| New Mexico | Maximum number under NMSA 60-6A-18 (ratio not opened) | |
| South Dakota | Counties: three for the first 1,000 population, then one per 1,500 | |
| Wisconsin | Municipal quota; one reserve 'Class B' license per 500 population growth | |
| Wyoming | Two in towns of 500 or fewer, one per 500 to 9,500, then one per 3,000 |
Ratios are the residents per additional license stated in the statute or official summary. Formulas differ in base (county, city, statewide) and exemptions, so the ratios are not strictly comparable.
Source: [45][54][10][2][59][39][64][36][13][23][24][22] Department of Alcoholic Beverage Services; Utah Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel; DBPR Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco; Alcoholic Beverage Control Board (AMCO); New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control; Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board; California Senate committee; Division of Liquor Control; Idaho State Police, Alcohol Beverage Control; Michigan Liquor Control Commission; City or county issuing authority (DPS Alcohol and Gambling Enforcement); Alcoholic Beverages Control Commission and local licensing authority
Our count of 18 is higher than the 15 quota states in a June 2023 Utah legislative staff memo. The memo's state list is published only as an image, so we could not reconcile the two lists line by line; our count includes states such as Minnesota and Wyoming whose formulas apply to cities and towns.
What a quota license sells for when the state is the seller
Private resale prices are not published by any agency we reviewed. Official prices exist only where a state auctions or sells licenses, and those prices show how much scarcity is worth.
Pennsylvania auctions expired restaurant licenses. In October 2025 the top bids averaged $129,904, from $32,501 to $302,501. In the first excess auction in June 2026, where winners may move a license across county lines for an added fee, the average top bid was $284,394.50.
Top bid per license, PLCB 16th auction, October 2026
Source: Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, 16th Restaurant License Auction Top Bidders, October 2026.
| County | Municipality | Top bid ($) |
|---|---|---|
| Adams | Freedom Twp. | 110000 |
| Berks | Reading | 31344 |
| Bucks | Solebury Twp. | 168501 |
| Cambria | Portage | 35000 |
| Carbon | Palmerton | 51000 |
| Crawford | Meadville | 37500 |
| Delaware | Thornbury Twp. | 168501 |
| Greene | Jefferson | 35000 |
| Jefferson | McCalmont Twp. | |
| Lancaster | Ephrata | 100100 |
| Lehigh | Upper Saucon Twp. | 185000 |
| Luzerne | Nanticoke | |
| Lycoming | Jordan Twp. | 170000 |
| Monroe | Tobyhanna Twp. | 100000 |
| Montgomery | Lansdale | 175000 |
| Northampton | Easton | 350000 |
| Schuylkill | Minersville | 30000 |
| Snyder | Monroe Twp. | |
| Washington | Burgettstown | 85000 |
| Wayne | Lake Twp. |
Official PLCB list of highest bids for expired restaurant liquor licenses. Bidder names omitted. Blank = no bid.
Source: [58] Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board
Other states price new quota licenses by statute. Arizona charges an issuance fee equal to the license's fair market value, set from open-market sales or two appraisals (A.R.S. 4-206.01). New Jersey's Shopping Mall license costs at least $250,000 and can be resold for the same amount. Utah sits at the other pole: a license may pass on a change of ownership but may not be given any value in the sale.
Transfer fees are small; the waiting period is the real cost
Where states publish a transfer fee it is usually a few hundred dollars. Review time decides whether the buyer can open on day one.
| State | State transfer fee ($) | Fee rule | Stated days | What the days measure | Interim operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 50 | $50 non-refundable filing fee (Ala. Admin. Code r. 20-X-5-.10(2)(b)) | yes | ||
| Arizona | 300 | $300 person-to-person transfer fee (A.R.S. 4-209(F)); $100 interim permit fee (4-203.01(B)) | 105 | Statutory limit for decision on acquisition of control | yes |
| California | 1565 | $1,565 person-to-person transfer fee when the application includes a general license, effective 2026-01-01 | 30 | Statutory minimum waiting period | yes |
| Florida | 5000 | Quota license transfer fee: 4 mills of average annual alcohol sales over 3 years, capped at $5,000 (or $5,000 by election) | yes | ||
| Idaho | 10% of the purchase price of the license or the cost of goodwill, whichever is greater (no flat dollar fee) | not found | |||
| Massachusetts | 200 | $200 ABCC processing fee (local fees extra) | not found | ||
| Michigan | Transfer fee equals the license fee for the class (MCL 436.1529(3)) | not found | |||
| Montana | 90 | Average processing time | yes | ||
| New Jersey | 200 | $200 state filing fee with each transfer application (local fees extra) | not found | ||
| New York | 182 | Upper end of 22 to 26 weeks, SLA review time | yes | ||
| North Dakota | 60 | Fargo city transfer approval, approximate | not found | ||
| Pennsylvania | Transfer filing fee set in Administrative Code 614-A (not opened) | not found | |||
| Vermont | 42 | Upper end of 2 to 6 weeks after complete application | not found | ||
| Wyoming | 100 | Transfer fee of not more than $100 to the licensing authority | not found |
Fees are state or statutory fees only; local fees, annual license fees and escrow costs are extra. Day figures measure different things (statutory limit, average, upper end of a range, minimum) as labeled.
Source: [1][3][5][10][13][61][23][67][31][65][70][39][68][51] Alabama ABC Board; Department of Liquor Licenses and Control; Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control; DBPR Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco; Idaho State Police, Alcohol Beverage Control; Massachusetts ABCC; Michigan Liquor Control Commission; Montana Department of Revenue, CARD; Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control and municipal issuing authority; New York State Liquor Authority; City of Fargo; Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board; Vermont Division of Liquor Control; Local licensing authority (city, town or county)
Days as stated by the agency or statute; each bar measures something different, see table
Source: NY SLA; A.R.S. 4-203(F); Montana DOR; City of Fargo; Vermont DLC; California Senate committee background.
Interim operation is the practical fix. Florida gives a purchaser a temporary license as a matter of right once a complete transfer application is filed (Fla. Stat. 561.331). Arizona issues interim permits for up to 105 days, Nebraska temporary operating permits for 90 days, Mississippi a 70-day permit and Montana temporary authority for up to 180 days. North Carolina and Louisiana let the successor keep operating once the agency is notified.
Timing belongs in the purchase agreement. Alabama, for example, requires the buyer to file within 20 days of taking control and finish within 60 days, while the seller stays responsible for alcohol sales until approval (Ala. Admin. Code r. 20-X-5-.10). The six stages of a business sale are outlined on our how it works page.

Control states and dry counties are a separate question from transferability
Three different rules get confused in deal talk: who sells spirits at wholesale, whether an area allows alcohol at all, and whether a retail license can be sold.
Control state: A state that sells spirits through government agencies at the wholesale level and sometimes runs retail package stores. NABCA lists 17 control states plus jurisdictions in Alaska, Maryland, Minnesota and South Dakota.
Local option: A vote by a county or city on whether alcohol may be sold at all. A dry area is not a quota; it allows no licenses of that type.
Control status does not predict transferability. Pennsylvania, Michigan, Ohio, Montana and Utah are control states with quota licenses that can pass to a buyer; North Carolina, Virginia and Oregon are control states where the buyer needs a new license.
Liquor license transfer registry: 50 states and DC
Checked quarterly, and after each state legislative session. Last checked 2026-10-28. Entries are neutral records of public data; each links to its source record.
| Jurisdiction | Coded rule for the main on-premises license (transfer to buyer; quota; interim operation) | Date | Evidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Ala. Admin. Code r. 20-X-5-.10 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Alaska | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. AS 04.11.360; AS 04.11.400 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Arizona | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. A.R.S. 4-203(C); 4-206.01; 4-209(F); 4-203.01 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Arkansas | Transferable to buyer: not found. Quota: not found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: not found. | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| California | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Bus. & Prof. Code 23816, 23817.5, 24070 to 24082 (as described by ABC and Senate committee); ABC fee schedule | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Colorado | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. C.R.S. 44-3-303 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Connecticut | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Conn. Gen. Stat. 30-14(a); 30-35b | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Delaware | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. 4 Del. C. 571 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| District of Columbia | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: local. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. D.C. Code 25-405 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Florida | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Fla. Stat. 561.20; 561.32(1)(a); 561.331 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Georgia | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 560-2-2-.10(7) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Hawaii | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. HRS 281-41 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Idaho | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Idaho Code 23-903; 23-908 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Illinois | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: local. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. 235 ILCS 5/6-1; 5/4-1 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Indiana | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. IC 7.1-3-22 (quota, as described by ATC); ATC permit guidance | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Iowa | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Iowa Code 123.38(1) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Kansas | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. K.S.A. 41-2629(c) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Kentucky | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. KRS 243.630; 804 KAR 4:400 s.3; KRS 243.084 (2025 Ky. Acts ch. 130) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Louisiana | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. La. R.S. 26:76(A)(2) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Maine | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. 28-A M.R.S. 605 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Maryland | Transferable to buyer: depends on locality. Quota: not found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis Art., county titles (e.g. 13-1604, 26-901, 26-1702 as cited in 2026 bills) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Massachusetts | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. M.G.L. c.138 s.17; s.23 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Michigan | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. MCL 436.1529; 436.1531(1) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Minnesota | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Minn. Stat. 340A.412 subd. 9; 340A.413 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Mississippi | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. DOR Application for Transfer in Ownership; ABC Guidebook for Owners (2021) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Missouri | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. RSMo 311.250 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Montana | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. MCA 16-4-201; 16-4-204; DOR all-beverages license page | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Nebraska | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Neb. Rev. Stat. 53-149 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Nevada | Transferable to buyer: depends on locality. Quota: not found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. NRS 244.350 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| New Hampshire | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. RSA 178:29, VIII(a); 178:3, IX | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| New Jersey | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. N.J.S.A. 33:1-12.14 (as stated in ABC AN 2024-06); ABC retail license application | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| New Mexico | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. NMSA 60-6B-12 and 60-6A-18 (text reproduced in 2025 HB 478); 15.11.23 NMAC | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| New York | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: interpretation needed. N.Y. ABC Law 111; 97-a | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| North Carolina | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. G.S. 18B-903(c)(2), (e) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| North Dakota | Transferable to buyer: depends on locality. Quota: local. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. N.D.C.C. 5-02-09; Fargo transfer application | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Ohio | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. R.C. 4303.29; 4303.292 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Oklahoma | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. 37A O.S. 2-153 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Oregon | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. ORS 471.292(1); 471.297 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Pennsylvania | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. 47 P.S. 4-461, 4-468, 4-469, 4-470.3 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Rhode Island | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: local. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. R.I. Gen. Laws 3-5-19; 3-5-16 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| South Carolina | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. S.C. Code 61-2-140(B) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| South Dakota | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. SDCL 35-2-7; 35-4-11.1 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Tennessee | Transferable to buyer: not found. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: not found. Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0100-01 (covers location transfers only) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Texas | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Tex. Alco. Bev. Code 11.03 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Utah | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: clear text. Utah Code 32B-8a (Change of Alcohol License Act), 32B-18-201; DABS attestation form | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Vermont | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: interpretation needed. 7 V.S.A. ch. 9 (207 location only; 209 transfer on death only); DLC application page | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Virginia | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Va. Code 4.1-203(B) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Washington | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: none found. Interim operation: yes. Confidence: interpretation needed. RCW 66.24.010(10), (11); WAC 314-07 | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| West Virginia | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: none found. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. W. Va. Code 60-7-5(e) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Wisconsin | Transferable to buyer: no, new application needed. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. Wis. Stat. 125.04(12)(b); 125.51(4) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
| Wyoming | Transferable to buyer: yes. Quota: state. Interim operation: not found. Confidence: clear text. W.S. 12-4-201; 12-4-601(b) | 2026-10-28 | agency record | Record |
State-by-state findings
- In 27 of 51 jurisdictions (52.9%), state law lets the main on-premises liquor license pass to the buyer of a bar or restaurant with agency approval (coded 2026-10-28).[10][5][39][34][33]
- In 19 of 51 jurisdictions (37.3%), the license is a personal privilege that cannot be sold; examples include New York, Texas, Illinois, Georgia and North Carolina (2026).[33][44][14][11][34]
- Eighteen states cap the main on-premises license by population in state law (2026); the stated ratios range from one license per 1,000 residents in Massachusetts to one bar license per 10,200 residents in Utah.[22][54][10][5]
- The 18 quota states held 113,827 full-service restaurant establishments in 2023, 44.0% of the US total of 258,626.[52]
- Excluding Minnesota (restaurants exempt) and New Mexico (ratio not opened), the 16 remaining quota states still held 42.0% of US full-service restaurants in 2023.[52][24][32]
- Full-service restaurants in jurisdictions where the license can pass to a buyer made up 51.7% of the US total in 2023; jurisdictions requiring a new license held 43.0%.[52]
- A Massachusetts State Auditor study issued October 13, 2026 found 302 municipalities bound by the state quota formula and 26 with local control, and recommended replacing the quota with local control.[72][22]
- Florida allows one quota license per 7,500 county residents and caps the quota transfer fee at $5,000 (2026 Florida Statutes).[10]
- California caps new on-sale general licenses at one per 2,000 county inhabitants; a new priority license costs $19,840 in fees, while a person-to-person transfer costs $1,565 (2026).[64][5][63]
- Indiana's Alcohol and Tobacco Commission says the restaurant beer, wine and liquor quota is filled in 99% of areas inside city limits, so buyers purchase existing permits.[71]
- Pennsylvania's October 2025 auction averaged $129,904 per top bid; the June 2026 excess auction, which allows cross-county moves, averaged $284,394.50, 2.19 times as much.[56][57]
- New Jersey's 2024 Shopping Mall license carries a statutory minimum issuance fee of $250,000 and may be resold for the same amount.[59]
- Utah lets a license pass on a change of ownership but says it may not be ascribed any value in the sale of the business (DABS attestation form).[45]
- New York's State Liquor Authority reports review times of about 22 to 26 weeks; a temporary retail permit typically lets an applicant operate in under 30 days.[65][66]
- Montana reports an average of 90 days to process an all-beverages license application and allows temporary operating authority for up to 180 days.[67]
Rankings and ratios we derived
Quota-state count
Formulacount of jurisdictions where quota == state
Inputs: registry rows 1 to 51 (fact sheet rows from 67) (fact sheet rows)
Result: 18 of 51 (35.3%)
About a third of jurisdictions ration the main on-premises license by population.
Limitations: A state counts if any statutory formula caps the bar or full license; Minnesota exempts restaurants and New Mexico's ratio was not opened.
Share of full-service restaurants in quota states
Formulasum(CBP 2023 est, NAICS 722511, quota states) / 258,626 * 100
Inputs: derived d3, d4; CBP 2023 state file (fact sheet rows)
Result: 113,827 / 258,626 = 44.0%
Quota rules touch a larger share of restaurants than of states because California and Florida are quota states. Strict version (excluding MN, NM): 42.0%.
Limitations: Establishments are not licensees; restaurants with beer and wine or non-quota restaurant licenses are included.
Share of full-service restaurants where the license can pass to a buyer
Formulasum(est, transferable == yes) / 258,626 * 100
Inputs: registry; CBP 2023 (fact sheet rows)
Result: 51.7% (new license needed: 43.0%)
Roughly half of restaurant owners sell in states where the license can travel with the business.
Limitations: Coding with 'interpretation needed' (9 jurisdictions) could move a few points either way.
Quota states where the license is also transferable
Formulacount(quota == state and transferable == yes)
Inputs: registry (fact sheet rows)
Result: 17 of 18
Scarcity plus transferability is what creates a resale market; Wisconsin has scarcity without person-to-person transfer.
Limitations: Transferable licenses can still carry local restrictions on moves between towns or counties.
Median official auction price, Pennsylvania
Formulamedian of 16 top bids, PLCB 16th auction
Inputs: table t4 (fact sheet rows)
Result: $100,050 (mean $114,496.62)
An official floor-to-mid range for a county-bound restaurant license in Pennsylvania in late 2026.
Limitations: Expired licenses at auction; prices for licenses attached to operating businesses are not published by the PLCB.
Executive summary
- Across 51 jurisdictions, the main bar or restaurant liquor license can pass to a buyer with agency approval in 27, the buyer needs a new license in 19, the answer depends on the city or county in 3, and the rule could not be confirmed from an open official source in 2 (Arkansas, Tennessee).
- Eighteen states write a population quota for the main on-premises license into state law; another 4 jurisdictions let localities set the number.
- The 18 quota states held 113,827 of 258,626 US full-service restaurants in 2023, or 44.0%. Five of the 10 largest restaurant states are quota states: California, Florida, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Ohio.
- In 17 of the 18 quota states the license can also pass to a buyer, which is what gives a quota license a resale value. Wisconsin is the exception.
- State transfer fees are modest where they are published: $50 in Alabama, $300 in Arizona, $1,565 in California and at most $5,000 for a Florida quota license.
- Official prices exist only where the state sells licenses. Pennsylvania's October 2026 auction drew top bids from $30,000 to $350,000, with a median of $100,050.
- Interim operation while the buyer's application is pending appears in state text for 15 jurisdictions, including Florida, where a temporary license is a matter of right.
Questions people ask
Can you transfer a liquor license when selling a business?
In 27 of 51 jurisdictions, yes: the license can pass to the buyer once the state agency, and often the local board, approves the buyer. In 19 the buyer must apply for a new license, and in 3 the answer depends on the city or county (coded 2026-10-28).
What is a quota liquor license?
A license whose number is capped by a population formula in state law, such as one per 3,000 residents in New Jersey municipalities or one per 7,500 county residents in Florida. Eighteen states use one for the main on-premises license.
How long does a liquor license transfer take?
Published figures range from a 30-day minimum waiting period in California to 22 to 26 weeks of review in New York; Montana reports an average of 90 days. Many states allow interim operation during review.
How much is a liquor license worth?
No agency we reviewed publishes private sale prices. Pennsylvania's October 2026 auction of expired restaurant licenses had a median top bid of $100,050; New Jersey's Shopping Mall license has a $250,000 minimum fee. In non-transferable states the license has no resale value.
Do I need a new liquor license if I buy a restaurant?
In 19 jurisdictions, including New York, Texas, Illinois and Georgia, yes. In transfer states you still file an application and pass the same background review as a new applicant, so budget time either way.
Download the data
Every table in this report is available as a CSV under CC BY 4.0. The fact sheet lists each value with its source URL and access date.
For journalists and researchers
If you cite only a few, cite these
- 27 of 51 jurisdictions allow the main on-premises liquor license to pass to a buyer (SMBB registry, checked 2026-10-28).[10][5][39][34][33]
- Quota states hold 44.0% of US full-service restaurants (Census CBP 2023; SMBB coding).[52]
- Median top bid of $100,050 at Pennsylvania's October 2026 license auction (PLCB).[58]
Most quotable statistics
- In 27 of 51 US jurisdictions the main bar or restaurant liquor license can pass to a buyer with agency approval; in 19 the buyer needs a new license (SMBB registry, 2026).[10][5][39][34][33]
- Population-quota states held 44.0% of US full-service restaurants in 2023 (113,827 of 258,626).[52]
- Pennsylvania's October 2026 auction of expired restaurant liquor licenses had a median top bid of $100,050.[58]
- In 17 of the 18 quota states the license can also be transferred to a buyer.[10][39][50]
- New York's liquor authority reports review times of about 22 to 26 weeks for most applications.[65]
- Of Boston's 225 new licenses under the 2024 law, 213 cannot be sold to another business.[60]
Press summary
Whether a bar or restaurant liquor license can be sold with the business depends on the state, and the split is close to even. Sell My Business Broker read the statute, rule or agency page for the main on-premises license in all 50 states and DC on October 28, 2026. In 27 jurisdictions the license can pass to a buyer with agency approval; in 19 the buyer must apply for a new license; in 3 the answer is local. Eighteen states cap licenses by population, and matching the registry to Census County Business Patterns shows those quota states hold 44.0% of the nation's 258,626 full-service restaurants. Official prices appear only where a state sells licenses: Pennsylvania's October 2026 auction of expired restaurant licenses had a median top bid of $100,050. Published review times run from a 30-day minimum in California to 22 to 26 weeks in New York. The full registry, with citations and confidence ratings, is free to reuse under CC BY 4.0.
Suggested headlines
- Can you sell a liquor license? In 27 of 51 jurisdictions, yes
- Quota states hold 44% of America's full-service restaurants
- Pennsylvania's expired restaurant licenses fetched a median $100,050 at auction
- In 19 states, a restaurant buyer starts the liquor license from scratch
- Liquor license reviews take from 30 days to 26 weeks, depending on the state
How to cite this report
Sell My Business Broker. (2026). Liquor License Transfer Rules by State: Can a Bar or Restaurant License Be Sold? (2026). Retrieved from https://sellmybusinessbroker.com/research/liquor-license-transfer-by-state/
Reuse license
Data and tables are licensed CC BY 4.0. Attribution: “Source: Sell My Business Broker, Liquor License Transfer Rules by State: Can a Bar or Restaurant License Be Sold? (2026)” with a link to this page.
Frequently asked questions
Which states let a bar license be sold with the business?
27 of 51 jurisdictions, including Florida, California, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Massachusetts, Michigan, Arizona and Ohio, subject to agency approval of the buyer (2026).
Which states require the buyer to get a new liquor license?
19 jurisdictions, including New York, Texas, Illinois, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Oregon, Iowa, Missouri and Wisconsin.
How many states have liquor license quotas?
Eighteen states cap the main on-premises license by population in state law; 4 more jurisdictions let localities set the number (2026). A 2023 Utah legislative memo counted 15 quota states.
What share of restaurants are in quota states?
44.0% of US full-service restaurant establishments in 2023 (113,827 of 258,626), per Census County Business Patterns.
What does a liquor license transfer cost in state fees?
Published state fees include $50 in Alabama, $300 in Arizona, $1,565 in California (2026), $200 in New Jersey and Massachusetts, and up to $5,000 for a Florida quota license. Local fees are extra.
Can I keep serving alcohol while the transfer is pending?
In 15 jurisdictions the state text provides for it, for example Florida's temporary license, Arizona's interim permit of up to 105 days and New York's temporary retail permit.
What did Pennsylvania licenses sell for at auction?
In October 2026 the 16 top bids ranged from $30,000 to $350,000, median $100,050. The June 2026 excess auction averaged $284,394.50.
Does Utah let you sell a liquor license?
A Utah license can pass on a change of ownership under the Change of Alcohol License Act, but DABS says it may not be ascribed any value in the sale.
Is a control state the same as a quota state?
No. NABCA lists 17 control states, which control wholesale spirits; quota states cap retail licenses. Pennsylvania and Utah are both; North Carolina is a control state with no population quota in the law we reviewed.
Why are Arkansas and Tennessee marked not found?
Both states publish their codes through a commercial publisher's site that we could not save, and the agency records we opened (Arkansas permit change lists, Tennessee's liquor-by-the-drink rules) do not settle the ownership question. We left the rows blank rather than guess.
Reproduce this analysis
Every figure comes from the files below. The scripts that pulled and computed them are kept with the report and can be re-run.
| Dataset | Publisher | Source | Query or filter | Rows used | Retrieved |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| County Business Patterns 2023, state file | U.S. Census Bureau | File or endpoint | naics == '722511' and lfo == '-' ; fipstate in 50 states + DC (scripts/cbp_722511.py) | 51 state rows; 258,626 establishments; 5,387,020 employees | 2026-10-28 |
| State liquor law registry (statutes, rules, agency pages) | State legislatures and alcohol agencies (see sources) | File or endpoint | One official source per jurisdiction for the main on-premises license; coded in scripts/registry_rows.py; all saved under raw/ | 51 jurisdictions coded; 2 not found | 2026-10-28 |
| PLCB 16th Restaurant License Auction Top Bidders | Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board | File or endpoint | All 20 listed licenses; median and mean of the 16 with a bid | 20 licenses, 16 bids | 2026-10-28 |
| Population Quotas and Alcohol Licensing Policy | Utah Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel | File or endpoint | Quota ratios and 15-state count used as a cross-check | 1 memo | 2026-10-28 |
Data quality and exclusions
- CBP: kept 51 of 51 state rows for NAICS 722511 with lfo '-'; legal-form breakdown rows were dropped to avoid double counting; Puerto Rico file (cbp23pr) not used.
- Registry: 2 of 51 jurisdictions (Arkansas, Tennessee) recorded as not found rather than coded from secondary summaries.
- Registry: 21 of 51 rows rely at least partly on an Internet Archive copy of the official page because the live page blocked automated access or timed out; Hawaii's archived statute dates from 2011.
- Discarded 13 fetched files that were off target (Maryland statute pages that load by script, a Kentucky index that returned another chapter, Virginia cannabis and unrelated sections, Utah pages for the wrong section, an image-only Utah bill PDF, one Alaska section and one duplicate North Carolina PDF); see excluded.md.
- PLCB 16th auction: 4 of 20 licenses had no bid and were excluded from the median and mean.
- Utah H.B. 548 (2024) enrolled text is an image-only PDF; it was not coded and the 2023 quota ratios are labeled as pre-2024.
Methodology
Scope. One row per state plus DC for the license a bar or full-service restaurant would hold to sell spirits by the drink. Where a state has a separate non-quota restaurant license, we coded the bar or quota license and noted the alternative.
Sources. Every row rests on the statute, administrative rule or alcohol agency page we opened and saved on 2026-10-28. Where an official page blocked automated access we used an Internet Archive copy of that official page and labeled it; law firm and broker summaries were used only to find citations, never as evidence.
Coding. 'Transferable to buyer' is yes when the text lets the existing license pass to another person on approval; no when it calls the license a personal privilege that cannot be transferred or assigned; depends on locality when the state leaves the matter to county or city boards. 'Quota' is state when a population formula in state law caps the license, local when state law lets localities fix the number. Each row carries a confidence field: clear text, interpretation needed, or not found.
Restaurant counts. Census County Business Patterns 2023 (released 2025, the latest release on www2.census.gov as of 2026-10-28), NAICS 722511, all legal forms (lfo '-'), 50 states and DC. Shares are sums of establishments over sums, not averages of state shares.
Conflicts. Where a statute and an agency page differed in detail (for example Washington's temporary license, 60 days in statute and 30 days on the agency page), we report both. Our quota count (18) differs from a 2023 Utah legislative memo (15); we report both and explain the difference.
Prices. We report license prices only where an official body publishes them (Pennsylvania auction results, New Jersey's statutory Shopping Mall fee, California's new-license fee). No private sale prices are used.
Updates. Registry last checked 2026-10-28; next check planned after the 2027 legislative sessions. Owners who want help finding a broker who knows their state's licensing process can use the broker match form.
This report presents published data with its limitations. It is not legal, financial or investment advice.
Sources, ranked by quality
Tier 1: primary and official sources (71)
- [1] Alabama ABC Board. Alabama: Ala. Admin. Code r. 20-X-5-.10. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [2] Alcoholic Beverage Control Board (AMCO). Alaska: AS 04.11.360; AS 04.11.400. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [3] Department of Liquor Licenses and Control. Arizona: A.R.S. 4-203(C); 4-206.01; 4-209(F); 4-203.01. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [4] Alcoholic Beverage Control Division. Arkansas: records reviewed. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [5] Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. California: Bus. & Prof. Code 23816, 23817.5, 24070 to 24082 (as described by ABC and Senate committee); ABC fee schedule. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [6] Liquor Enforcement Division and local licensing authority. Colorado: C.R.S. 44-3-303. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [7] Department of Consumer Protection, Liquor Control. Connecticut: Conn. Gen. Stat. 30-14(a); 30-35b. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [8] Office of the Alcoholic Beverage Control Commissioner. Delaware: 4 Del. C. 571. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [9] Alcoholic Beverage and Cannabis Administration. District of Columbia: D.C. Code 25-405. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [10] DBPR Division of Alcoholic Beverages and Tobacco. Florida: Fla. Stat. 561.20; 561.32(1)(a); 561.331. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [11] Department of Revenue, Alcohol and Tobacco Division (plus local license). Georgia: Ga. Comp. R. & Regs. 560-2-2-.10(7). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [12] County liquor commissions. Hawaii: HRS 281-41. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [13] Idaho State Police, Alcohol Beverage Control. Idaho: Idaho Code 23-903; 23-908. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [14] Illinois Liquor Control Commission and local liquor commissioners. Illinois: 235 ILCS 5/6-1; 5/4-1. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [15] Alcohol and Tobacco Commission. Indiana: IC 7.1-3-22 (quota, as described by ATC); ATC permit guidance. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [16] Department of Revenue, Alcoholic Beverages. Iowa: Iowa Code 123.38(1). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [17] Department of Revenue, Alcoholic Beverage Control. Kansas: K.S.A. 41-2629(c). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [18] Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. Kentucky: KRS 243.630; 804 KAR 4:400 s.3; KRS 243.084 (2025 Ky. Acts ch. 130). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [19] Office of Alcohol and Tobacco Control. Louisiana: La. R.S. 26:76(A)(2). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [20] Bureau of Alcoholic Beverages and Lottery Operations. Maine: 28-A M.R.S. 605. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [21] County boards of license commissioners. Maryland: Md. Code, Alcoholic Beverages and Cannabis Art., county titles (e.g. 13-1604, 26-901, 26-1702 as cited in 2026 bills). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [22] Alcoholic Beverages Control Commission and local licensing authority. Massachusetts: M.G.L. c.138 s.17; s.23. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [23] Michigan Liquor Control Commission. Michigan: MCL 436.1529; 436.1531(1). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [24] City or county issuing authority (DPS Alcohol and Gambling Enforcement). Minnesota: Minn. Stat. 340A.412 subd. 9; 340A.413. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [25] Department of Revenue, Alcoholic Beverage Control. Mississippi: DOR Application for Transfer in Ownership; ABC Guidebook for Owners (2021). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [26] Division of Alcohol and Tobacco Control. Missouri: RSMo 311.250. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [27] Department of Revenue, Cannabis and Alcohol Regulation Division. Montana: MCA 16-4-201; 16-4-204; DOR all-beverages license page. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [28] Nebraska Liquor Control Commission. Nebraska: Neb. Rev. Stat. 53-149. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [29] County and city liquor boards. Nevada: NRS 244.350. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [30] New Hampshire Liquor Commission. New Hampshire: RSA 178:29, VIII(a); 178:3, IX. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [31] Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control and municipal issuing authority. New Jersey: N.J.S.A. 33:1-12.14 (as stated in ABC AN 2024-06); ABC retail license application. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [32] Regulation and Licensing Department, Alcoholic Beverage Control Division. New Mexico: NMSA 60-6B-12 and 60-6A-18 (text reproduced in 2025 HB 478); 15.11.23 NMAC. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [33] State Liquor Authority. New York: N.Y. ABC Law 111; 97-a. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [34] ABC Commission. North Carolina: G.S. 18B-903(c)(2), (e). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [35] City or county governing body (and Attorney General state license). North Dakota: N.D.C.C. 5-02-09; Fargo transfer application. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [36] Division of Liquor Control. Ohio: R.C. 4303.29; 4303.292. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [37] ABLE Commission. Oklahoma: 37A O.S. 2-153. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [38] Oregon Liquor and Cannabis Commission. Oregon: ORS 471.292(1); 471.297. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [39] Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board. Pennsylvania: 47 P.S. 4-461, 4-468, 4-469, 4-470.3. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [40] Local licensing boards and Department of Business Regulation. Rhode Island: R.I. Gen. Laws 3-5-19; 3-5-16. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [41] Department of Revenue. South Carolina: S.C. Code 61-2-140(B). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [42] Municipal or county governing body and Department of Revenue. South Dakota: SDCL 35-2-7; 35-4-11.1. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [43] Alcoholic Beverage Commission. Tennessee: Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 0100-01 (covers location transfers only). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [44] Texas Alcoholic Beverage Commission. Texas: Tex. Alco. Bev. Code 11.03. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [45] Department of Alcoholic Beverage Services. Utah: Utah Code 32B-8a (Change of Alcohol License Act), 32B-18-201; DABS attestation form. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [46] Division of Liquor Control and local control commission. Vermont: 7 V.S.A. ch. 9 (207 location only; 209 transfer on death only); DLC application page. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [47] Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority. Virginia: Va. Code 4.1-203(B). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [48] Liquor and Cannabis Board. Washington: RCW 66.24.010(10), (11); WAC 314-07. Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [49] Alcohol Beverage Control Administration. West Virginia: W. Va. Code 60-7-5(e). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [50] Municipal governing body (Department of Revenue forms). Wisconsin: Wis. Stat. 125.04(12)(b); 125.51(4). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [51] Local licensing authority (city, town or county). Wyoming: W.S. 12-4-201; 12-4-601(b). Law or rule as read 2026-10-28. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [52] U.S. Census Bureau. County Business Patterns 2023, state file cbp23st (NAICS 722511). 2023, released 2025. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [54] Utah Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel. Population Quotas and Alcohol Licensing Policy. June 14, 2023. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [55] Utah Legislature. H.B. 548 Alcohol Amendments (2024), bill status. 2024 General Session. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [56] Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board. PLCB names top bidders in 14th restaurant license auction. October 9, 2025. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [57] Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board. PLCB names top bidders in first excess restaurant license auction. June 17, 2026. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [58] Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board. 16th Restaurant License Auction Top Bidders. October 2026. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [59] New Jersey Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control. AN 2024-06 Advisory Notice regarding Shopping Mall licenses. 2024. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [60] City of Boston Licensing Board. Liquor license frequently asked questions. 2024 law, page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [61] Massachusetts ABCC. Apply for an Alcoholic Beverages Retail License (New or Transfer) (Internet Archive copy). Archived 2026-05-17. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [62] California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. Person to Person Transfer. Page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [63] California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control. ABC-521 Priority Application Instructions. Revised August 2025. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [64] California Senate committee. Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control background. 2019. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [65] New York State Liquor Authority. Get a License. Page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [66] New York State Senate. N.Y. ABC Law 97-a, temporary retail permit (Internet Archive copy). Archived 2026-01-20. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [67] Montana Department of Revenue, CARD. All-Beverages License. Page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [68] Vermont Division of Liquor Control. How to Apply for a First and Third Class License. Page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [69] Washington State Liquor and Cannabis Board. Apply for a liquor license. Page as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [70] City of Fargo. Instructions for a Transfer of a Local Alcoholic Beverage License. Form as fetched. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [71] Indiana Alcohol and Tobacco Commission. Obtaining an Alcoholic Beverage Permit (Internet Archive copy). Archived 2026-04-11. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [72] Office of the State Auditor, Massachusetts. License to Pour: Access Equity in Massachusetts Liquor Licensing (Internet Archive copy). Issued October 13, 2026. Accessed 2026-10-28.
Tier 2: trade bodies, market research, company data (1)
- [53] National Alcohol Beverage Control Association. Control State Directory and Info. Page as fetched 2026. Accessed 2026-10-28.
Tier 3: journalism and expert commentary (3)
- [73] Cohn Legal, PLLC. How to Transfer a Liquor License When Buying a Business. Undated. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [74] BizBen. Liquor License Transfer Process Tips From Broker Specialist. February 1, 2023. Accessed 2026-10-28.
- [75] Square. How to Get a Liquor License in the State of California. 2024, updated 2026. Accessed 2026-10-28.
